In May 2009, the Shanghai government announced that the State Council had agreed to abolish Nanhui District and merge its administrative division into Pudong New District. Behind this change in administrative divisions, it is precisely the "dual center" strategy that Shanghai is building. Moreover, due to the settlement of the "Dapu [1] East", the two Shanghai ports that originally belonged to Pudong and Nanhui-Waigaoqiao Port and Yangshan Port, eventually became one.
Shanghai Port thus "combined two into one".
Two "combined into one"
According to shipping industry insiders, the division of labor between Waigaoqiao and Yangshan Port has always been clear. Yangshan Port is mainly for container routes to Europe and the United States, while Waigaoqiao is mainly for Southeast Asia and other cargo routes, including some containers. "After the'Great Pudong', the division of labor between the two ports is not expected to change, but more space is given to Yangshan, allowing Yangshan to innovate."
It is worth noting that Wan Daning, member of the Standing Committee of the Pudong New Area District Committee and Deputy District Mayor, concurrently served as the Party Secretary of the Management Committee of the Waigaoqiao Free Trade Zone in April this year. The industry insider said: "The relatively large government officials are sitting in town to show that Shanghai is in favor of Shanghai. Hong Kong attaches great importance to building an international shipping center."
Professor Zhu Daoli, the first prize winner of the first Chinese Management Award and Dean of the Shanghai Logistics Research Institute of Fudan University, said: “Waigaoqiao’s advantages are very obvious, not only in its rich experience, but also in its proximity to the Yangtze River estuary. It arrives directly at the port, and at the same time, it is also close to the center of Shanghai, and shipping-related services are very convenient."
However, Professor Zhu Daoli also pointed out: "The construction of this'dual center' seems to give Yangshan a lot of policy and development space, but if it is to be built into an international shipping center, Yangshan and Waigaoqiao will be considered as a whole. , Because the international shipping center is the integration of global shipping resources, including shipping, ships, talents, services and other tasks. Shipping is just a small part of the global logistics chain."
However, the division of labor between Waigaoqiao and Yangshan Port must be very clear, otherwise it would be a huge waste of resources.
Li Renyong, a member of the Royal Logistics Association of the United Kingdom and now returning to China, said: "From the perspective of mature port development in the West, it is very necessary for a single port to form a regional economic circle, which is conducive to the combination of diversified economic carriers and a reasonable division of regional functions. It is a necessary condition for small regional economic cooperation and the formation of a large economic region. Otherwise, the conflict of economic interests between regions is likely to become a bottleneck for development."
"The hardware of Shanghai Port has never been a problem." In Yangshan Port and Waigaoqiao, many staff members confidently said. But it is precisely because the hardware is in place that Shanghai Port Software's shortcomings are manifested.
So what work does Shanghai need to do? Zhu Daoli believes: "The purpose of all policy design is actually to satisfy customers."
Zhu Daoli pointed out that the first is to optimize the modern shipping collection and distribution system. "Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces have always criticized Shanghai. Although the hardware of Shanghai Port is good, due to the limitations of some roads and other infrastructure, the cost and time spent in this area are high." The shipping collection and distribution system is a port. , Waterways, railways, highways, and aviation.
Secondly, it is the construction of Shanghai's modern shipping service system. Experts pointed out that the core content of the construction of the system is to expand the shipping service industry chain, so that the shipping service function of Shanghai Port will move from a single terminal loading and unloading, logistics and distribution to shipping finance, ship trading, shipping brokerage, shipping arbitration, shipping education, and information trading. Such as the transfer of many industries, a modern shipping service industry system with modern shipping high-end service industry as the leading and shipping service industry space agglomeration as the symbol is formed in Shanghai, and finally the Shanghai International Shipping Center will be built into a resource-allocated international shipping center.
According to Li Renyong, the UK has a large number of basic ports and an international logistics port. The network formed between them is the most optimized. It is not only the integration of capital and interests, but also the product of national strategic thinking and the convenience of the people's livelihood.
A few days ago, the Shanghai Municipal Party Committee and the Municipal Government have made clear statements on many occasions: We must make full use of the opportunity of the Yangshan Port’s "Comprehensive Pilot Zone" and "First Test", actively cooperate with relevant state departments, and learn from the supporting policies of shipping developed countries (regions) to conduct research. Formulate an internationally competitive shipping tax policy.
Regarding the future of Waigaoqiao and Yangshan Port, Shanghai Mayor Han Zheng’s speech is clearly distinguishable: “Next, with the advancement of Pudong’s expansion, the Yangshan Bonded Port Area and the Waigaoqiao Bonded Port Area must be linked. develop."
Deep water channel opened
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On April 18, 2011, Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration and SIPG jointly announced in Shanghai that the deep water channel of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Container Terminal was successfully opened. As a result, the fourth and fifth generation container ships berthing at the Waigaoqiao Port area can increase the load of 700 TEUs. With the maximum utilization of the tide level of the Yangtze River Estuary, it can ensure that the fifth generation container ships of 5000 TEU can be fully loaded by the tide. It berths in the Waigaoqiao port area to meet the needs of shipping companies to expand space, increase stowage and upgrade ship types in Shanghai Port.
On January 8, 2011, the Yangtze River Estuary deep water channel (12.5 meters) extended to Taicang, and the Yangtze River shipping "high-speed water channel" was fully opened. However, the water depth of the branch channel between Waigaoqiao on the south bank of the Yangtze River estuary and the front berthing area of the Luojing Port area and the deep water channel is relatively shallow, which limits the berthing tonnage of ships entering and leaving the port area and cannot fully utilize the 12.5-meter deep water channel of the Yangtze River estuary. Navigation conditions and berthing conditions have affected and restricted the development of Waigaoqiao and Luojing Port areas and even Shanghai Port.
In September 2010, Shanghai Port started the Waigaoqiao branch channel dredging project, which lasted half a year, and the dredging project was completed in March this year. After entrusting a third party to test the water depth after dredging, the water area of Luojing reached -11.5 meters, and the water area of the branch channel of Waigaoqiao Port area reached -12.0 meters, all of which achieved the dredging target. According to Xu Guoyi, director of the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration, to ensure the smooth completion of the dredging project, the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration takes advantage of maritime resources to implement linkage services for project construction through VTS, on-site patrol boats, etc., and jointly study and explore the existing channel depth with SIPG Full use of resources, effective and safe use of tides, reasonable organization and distribution of ships during traffic control periods, etc., and completed the depth survey of the deep water channel of the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Container Terminal.
It is reported that on April 5th, 11th, and 13th, three large container ships of 12,000 TEU, including the "Mediterranean Bettina", "Mediterranean Ivana", and "Mediterranean Bitris", were safely approaching the outer heights. In the fourth phase of the bridge, the ship's draft is about 12.5 meters. Before dredging, the import and export drafts of such ships were generally around 10.5 meters. After dredging, the draft of large container ships entering and leaving the deep water channel of Waigaoqiao Container Terminal increased by about 2 meters.
"On April 11, the compilation and printing of the special nautical chart for the deep water channel of the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Container Terminal has been completed. The electronic version can be downloaded from the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration Extranet." said Xu Guoyi, Director of the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration, Shanghai Waigaoqiao Container Terminal After the opening of the deep-water channel, the Shanghai Maritime Safety Administration will measure the water depth of the approach channels in the Waigaoqiao and Luojing Port areas on a monthly basis. The results of the water-depth measurement will be updated on the quarterly charts. At the same time, it will re-designate the sailing schedule for ships entering and leaving the deep-water channel. measure.
The smooth opening of the deep water channel of Shanghai Waigaoqiao Container Terminal is another important achievement of the construction of Shanghai International Shipping Center. At the opening ceremony, Shanghai SIPG Chairman Chen Xuyuan said that solving the bottleneck and contradiction of the water depth mismatch between the branch channel and the main channel in the Waigaoqiao Port area will help accelerate the construction of Shanghai International Shipping Center and Hub Port, and further enhance the port's capacity and efficiency. It is of great significance to give full play to the comprehensive benefits of large ships, deep water channels and terminal resources to better provide high-quality services to the vast number of Chinese and foreign shipping companies and customers, and to maintain the continuous development of Shanghai Port's container business. He revealed that the maximum water depth at the front of the pier after dredging has reached 13 meters.
It is understood that the existing liner routes of the Shanghai Waigaoqiao Container Terminal include some US routes, Australia-New Zealand routes, South Korea-Japan routes, and Southeast Asian routes. The number of berthed ships and completed containers accounted for a significantly higher proportion of the Shanghai Port. At Yangshan Port. In the first quarter of this year, Shanghai Port completed a container throughput of 7.281 million TEUs, a year-on-year increase of 12.29%. The Waigaoqiao Container Terminal contributed the most to Shanghai Port’s leading port in the country.
Significance of the opening of Waigaoqiao Port's deep water channel
The opening of the Waigaoqiao 12.5-meter deep water channel has brought great news to the liners of major liner companies. Shipping companies such as COSCO, China Shipping and Maersk have stated that they will make full use of the conditions of the deep water channel of Waigaoqiao to adjust the layout of the liners berthing at Shanghai Port Waigaoqiao to further enhance the berthing and operating capabilities of the liner.
